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The Second Intifada, also known as the Al-Aqsa Intifada ((アラビア語:انتفاضة الأقصى) '; (ヘブライ語:אינתיפאדת אל-אקצה) ''Intifādat El-Aqtzah''), was the second Palestinian uprising against Israel – a period of intensified Israeli-Palestinian violence. It started in September 2000, when Ariel Sharon made a visit to the Temple Mount, seen by Palestinians as highly provocative; and Palestinian demonstrators, throwing stones at police, were dispersed by the Israeli army, using tear gas and rubber bullets.〔 Both parties caused high numbers of casualties among civilians as well as combatants: the Palestinians by numerous suicide bombing and gunfire; the Israelis by tank and gunfire and air attacks, by numerous targeted killings, and by harsh reactions to demonstrations. The death toll, including both military and civilian, is estimated to be about 3,000 Palestinians and 1,000 Israelis, as well as 64 foreigners.〔(B'Tselem – Statistics – Fatalities 29.9.2000-15.1.2005 ), B'Tselem. 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Terrorism Against Israel: Comprehensive Listing of Fatalities (September 1993 - Present) )〕 Some consider the Sharm el-Sheikh Summit on February 8, 2005 to be the end of the ''Second Intifada'', when President Mahmoud Abbas and Prime Minister Ariel Sharon agreed that all Palestinians will stop all acts of violence against all Israelis everywhere and, in parallel, Israel will cease all its military activity against all Palestinians anywhere. They reaffirmed their commitment to the Roadmap for peace (however, the violence did not stop the following years).〔 〕 ==Etymology== Second Intifada refers to a second Palestinian uprising, following the first Palestinian uprising (which occurred between December 1987 and 1993), "Intifada" () translates into English as "uprising". It is an Arabic word meaning "the shaking off". The term refers to a revolt against the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territories. Al-Aqsa Intifada refers to the Al-Aqsa Mosque, the place where the intifada started. It is the name of a mosque, constructed in the 8th century CE at Al-Haram Al-Sharif, also known as the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, a location considered the holiest site in Judaism and third holiest in Islam. The Intifada is sometimes called the Oslo War (מלחמת אוסלו) by some Israelis who consider it to be the result of concessions made by Israel following the Oslo Accords, and Arafat's War, after the late Palestinian leader whom some blamed for starting it. Others have named what they consider disproportionate response to what was initially a popular uprising by unarmed demonstrators as the reason for the escalation of the Intifada into an all out war. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「second intifada」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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